HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is the virus that can lead to AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome).
You can get HIV through contact with infected blood, semen, vaginal fluids, sharing needles and from mother to baby. You can also get it with a blood transfusion in countries that do not pre-test blood for transfusion (New Zealand does pre-test for transfusions).
Often there are no obvious symptoms for years, but symptoms can include early flu-like illness and frequent attacks of thrush and other infections.
HIV is a serious disease that weakens the immune system and the body's ability to fight life-threatening infections and cancer. There is no cure for HIV but there are treatments that can control the virus. With the right treatment and care, people with HIV can expect to live just as long as someone who doesn't have it.
HIV and AIDS are confirmed by a blood test. You can book a free and confidential test through the Burnett Foundation Aotearoa or another sexual health clinic.
HIV can be controlled by antiretroviral medication. Treatments are available for secondary infections and some cancers. There is no cure or immunisation available.
HIV can be prevented by using
condoms
correctly every time you have sex from start to finish.
After an HIV diagnosis, you will be asked about your recent sexual partners. This is called contact tracing. It is a process to find out whether anyone else may have been unknowingly exposed to HIV and to alert them to get tested. It’s important to be honest and, don’t worry, your identity cannot be disclosed by your doctor and your recent partners will be contacted anonymously. Find out more at Burnett Foundation Aotearoa.